The heart is controlled by electrical signals. Normally, starting a heartbeat by an electrical signal occurs in what is called the sinus node in the right atrium. The signal travels from the sinus node to another node located at the transition between the right atrium and ventricle (AV node). From there the signal spreads out in both chambers. On his way through the heart triggers the electrical signal contractions in heart muscle. As the distribution of the electrical signal starts the contractions in the upper chambers and ends with the contraction of the heart chambers taken together, this one heartbeat.
A heart cardio gram, ECG shows the electrical heart rhythm. Each beat is characterized by a specific set of electrical effects on EKG'et A distinction is made between P, Q, R, S, T and sometimes U-waves These waves have a certain pattern, and they have a relatively fixed distance in time between each other.
Long QT syndrome means that the gap in time between the Q wave and T wave is too long patients with a long QT interval predisposition for arrhythmias in the heart. These rhythm disturbances can be severe, and they lead in some cases of sudden death in children and young people.
The condition is relatively rare but is probably more frequent than previously believed. It is estimated that the long-QT syndrome affects one person per 3000-5000 individuals. The condition usually appears in early childhood or adolescence.
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